pH levels

Enzymes work their optimum best at pH levels o around 7.2 – 7.4 condition. Enzymes that are subject to changes will become less efficient. Amino acids do help out by neutralizing the acids in the body by acting as buffers. They can only do so much though. In extreme changes it will inactivate the enzymes so the substrates are unable to bind to the active site. This will stop the enzymes from working (denature) ending in the death of cells, and leading to death

SUBSTRATE CONCENTRATION

In some cases the concentration of enzymes may be less than the concentration of substances. Initially the reaction will rise, but then remain stationary. The substrate will actively limit the rate reaction. The vast amount of substrates will cause collisions, resulting in a faster reaction rate. The substrates however continue to increase, but fails to increase the reaction rate. The substrates haven’t enough active site on the enzymes to attach themselves to, so the enzymes are limiting the rate of reaction.